Type 2 Diabetes : Symptomps Signs Diagnosis Treatment Latest Advances

The Term  Type 2 Diabetes was formerly known as non-insulin reliant diabetes. The full medical name of diabetes is Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a disease characterized by high levels of blood sugar and its resultant complications. Diabetes through pregnancy is termed Gestational Diabetes and it is enclosed in a separate essay. Diabetes insipidus is a separate circumstance enclosed in a separate essay. Diabetes is subdivided into two subtypes - Type 1A and Type 1B.


Type 2 Diabetes

Prologue

This is in addition characterized by deficient production of insulin. On the other hand, the mechanisms that underline this condition are not known. Several of the patients who suffer commencing Type 2 diabetes are of African - American or Asian - American degeneration.These cases comprise about 85% of all diabetes cases.

Genetics / Pathophysiology (What causes diabetes?)
This is a various categorize of disorders characterized by insulin resistance at the level of the skeletal muscle and liver, impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose production.

Individuals with Type 2 diabetes between the ages of 20 and 40 years might have characteristics of equally types of diabetes.

Type 1 vs. Type 2 Diabetes

In general, antibodies are more prevalent in Type 1 diabetics and absent in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is not expound in Type 1 diabetics, but is present in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Family record of diabetes is uncommon in Type 1 patients and is conventional in Type 2 diabetics.
Inception is quick in Type 1 patients and it is gradual in Type 2 patients. Ketosis is common in Type 1 patients and ketosis is not usually seen in Type 2 patients. Age at inception is less than 40 years in Type 1 patients and more than 40 years in Type 2 patients.

Type 1 patients are typically not obese wherteas Type 2 patients are obese. Hypertension, dysbetalipedemia, procoagulant states and endothelial dysfunction are either uncommon or not seen in Type 1 patients where as these are common  in Type 2 patients. HLA association  is represent in Type 1 patients and it is not present in Type 2 patients. The upper level  of cardiac deaths seen in Type 2 patients are not seen in well  treated Type 1 patients. Insulin is required  in treatment  of Type 1 patients and it may not be necessary  in Type 2 patients.

Type 1A diabetes is immune mediated where as Type 1B diabetes may not be immune mediated. Thus, circulating antibodies are possible to be acquaint with in Type 1A patients and are not present in Type 1B patients. However, absence  of circulating antibodies in Type 1A patients may  be due to diminution  with time due to progression  of disease. Both  Type 1A and Type 1B diabetes patients are ketosis prone and insist on insulin.